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Polycystic ovary syndrome or PCOS is a hormonal disorder that typically arises during a woman's reproductive years. This condition can disrupt your menstrual cycle, leading to infrequent periods or prolonged bleeding. PCOS often involves elevated levels of androgens, also known as male hormones.

One hallmark of PCOS is the development of numerous small fluid-filled sacs, called cysts, on the ovaries. These cysts contain immature eggs (follicles) that fail to release regularly, potentially contributing to fertility challenges.

Even though the precise cause of PCOS is unclear, timely diagnosis and treatment, paired with weight management, can significantly lower the likelihood of long-term complications such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular issues.

Recognizing the Signs of PCOS

Symptoms of PCOS often emerge around the time of a young woman's first menstrual period, although they can sometimes develop later, even after experiencing regular periods for a while. It's important to note that PCOS symptoms can be more pronounced in individuals with obesity. If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, consulting a healthcare professional is recommended for evaluation and appropriate management:

• Irregular Menstrual Cycles: This can include infrequent periods (fewer than nine per year), irregular cycles (periods occurring more than 35 days apart), prolonged menstrual bleeding, or difficulty conceiving.
• Elevated Androgen Levels: High levels of male hormones (androgens) can lead to excess facial and body hair (hirsutism), severe acne, and even male-pattern baldness.
• Polycystic Ovaries: Your ovaries may be enlarged, with multiple small follicles containing immature eggs forming along the outer edge. These ovaries may not function optimally, affecting ovulation.

Understanding the Roots of PCOS

The precise cause of PCOS remains a mystery, but several factors are thought to contribute to its development:

• Insulin Resistance: This condition impairs the body's ability to use insulin effectively, leading to elevated blood sugar levels. In response, the body produces more insulin, triggering excess androgen production and disrupting ovulation. Signs of insulin resistance include dark, velvety patches of skin and increased appetite or weight gain.
• Low-Grade Inflammation: Research suggests that women with PCOS experience a chronic, low-level inflammation that stimulates the ovaries to produce more androgens. This inflammation might contribute to heart and blood vessel issues.
• Heredity: Studies indicate a possible genetic link to PCOS. Having a family history of the condition might increase your susceptibility.
• Excess Androgen: in this case, the ovaries of women may produce abnormally high levels of androgens, interfering with ovulation and potentially leading to hirsutism and acne.

Potential Complications of PCOS

PCOS can lead to various complications, impacting both physical and mental health. Some of these complications include:

• Infertility
• Pregnancy Complications
• Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)
• Metabolic Syndrome
• Type 2 Diabetes or Prediabetes
• Sleep Apnea
• Mental Health Concerns
• Endometrial Cancer

Diagnosing PCOS at Sterling Hospital

Our healthcare providers will begin by discussing your symptoms, medical history, and medications. They will also inquire about your menstrual cycle and any weight changes. A physical exam may include checking for excess hair growth, insulin resistance, and acne.

Based on your initial assessment, your doctor might suggest the following:

• Pelvic Exam: This examination helps evaluate your reproductive organs for any abnormalities.
• Blood Tests: These measure hormone levels to rule out other conditions that mimic PCOS and may include additional tests for cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose tolerance.
• Ultrasound: A transvaginal ultrasound can visualize your ovaries and uterus lining, aiding in identifying cysts and other potential issues.
  

If a PCOS diagnosis is confirmed, further tests might be recommended to screen for related complications, such as:

• Regular Monitoring: Regular checks of blood pressure, glucose tolerance, and cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
• Mental Health Screening: Assessments for depression and anxiety.
• Sleep Apnea Screening: To identify potential breathing difficulties during sleep.

Treatment for PCOS at Sterling Hospital

The approach to PCOS treatment focuses on addressing your individual concerns, such as infertility, hirsutism, acne, or obesity. Treatment plans may include lifestyle changes and/or medication.

Lifestyle Changes

• Weight Management: Your doctor may recommend weight loss through a balanced diet and regular exercise. Even a small reduction in weight can improve your condition, enhance medication effectiveness, and boost fertility. Our team of healthcare professionals and registered dietitians will collaborate with you to develop a personalized weight-loss plan.

Medication

To regulate your menstrual cycles, your doctor might suggest:

• Combination Birth Control Pills: These pills help manage hormone levels, reducing androgen production and regulating estrogen. This can lower the risk of endometrial cancer and improve irregular bleeding, excess hair growth, and acne.
• Progestin Therapy: Taking progestin for a short period every 1-2 months can regulate your periods and protect against endometrial cancer, but it doesn't address androgen levels or prevent pregnancy.
  

For those seeking pregnancy, the following medications might be recommended:

• Clomiphene: This oral medication stimulates ovulation.
• Letrozole (Femara): This breast cancer drug can also be used to induce ovulation.
• Metformin: This diabetes medication improves insulin resistance and may help with ovulation, particularly when combined with clomiphene. It can also help slow the progression to type 2 diabetes and assist with weight management in those with prediabetes.
• Gonadotropins: These injectable hormone medications stimulate ovulation.

Discuss procedures like in vitro fertilization (IVF) with your doctor to aid in conception.

To address excessive hair growth or acne, your doctor may recommend:

• Birth Control Pills: They can decrease androgen production, improving these symptoms.
• Spironolactone (Aldactone): This medication blocks androgen's effects on the skin, reducing hair growth and acne. However, it requires effective birth control due to potential birth defects and isn't recommended during pregnancy or when planning pregnancy.
• Eflornithine (Vaniqa): This cream slows facial hair growth.
• Hair Removal: Options include electrolysis, laser hair removal, shaving, plucking, or depilatory creams, though these offer temporary solutions.
• Acne Treatments: Medications, including pills and topical creams or gels, can help manage acne.

Sterling Hospital is Your Partner in Health Across Gujarat

At Sterling Hospital, our team of experienced gynecologists and endocrinologists is dedicated to providing comprehensive care for women with PCOS. We offer a range of diagnostic and treatment options to help manage symptoms, address fertility concerns, and improve overall health and well-being.

We provide you with the utmost care and comfort throughout your journey to a healthier and brighter life. We've got you if you are looking for the best gynecologists in Ahmedabad-Gurukul, Ahmedabad-Sindhu Bhavan, Vadodara-Bhayli, Vadodara-Race Course Road, Rajkot, or Gandhidham. With considerable years of experience, we have built a team of the best gynae doctors in these regions to provide you with premium treatment and the best results. Contact Sterling Hospital to schedule a consultation and embark on a journey towards a healthier future.

Heartburn, that fiery feeling in your chest, has nothing to do with your heart. Heartburn and indigestion are very common discomforts experienced by many pregnant women, affecting up to 80% of individuals during their pregnancy. These uncomfortable sensations can significantly impact daily life and the quality of sleep. Understanding the causes, risk factors, and effective relief strategies can help expecting mothers manage these symptoms and enjoy a more comfortable pregnancy. Let's explore what causes heartburn during pregnancy and how to find relief.

What are Heartburn and Indigestion?

• Heartburn: A fiery chest discomfort arises when the stomach's acid flows back up into the esophagus, the passageway linking the mouth to the stomach. The esophagus is not designed to withstand the stomach's acidic environment, leading to irritation and pain.
• Indigestion: A comprehensive term for a range of upper abdominal symptoms that can occur after eating, including heartburn, nausea, vomiting, bloating, and belching, providing a complete picture of the condition.

Causes of Heartburn and Indigestion in Pregnancy

• Hormonal Changes: Hormonal shifts during pregnancy, especially the rise in progesterone, lead to muscle relaxation throughout the body, notably affecting the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The LES acts as a valve at the bottom of the esophagus, preventing stomach acid from flowing back up. When relaxed due to hormonal influence, the LES becomes less effective, allowing stomach acid to reflux into the esophagus and causing heartburn.
• Increased Abdominal Pressure: As the uterus grows throughout pregnancy, it puts more pressure on the abdomen, including the stomach. This increased pressure can crowd the stomach and push stomach acid upwards into the esophagus, contributing to heartburn and indigestion.
• Changes in Stomach Emptying: Pregnancy can lead to a decrease in the speed of digestion, which results in food staying in the stomach for an extended duration. This delayed emptying can lead to increased stomach acid production and contribute to heartburn and indigestion.
• Certain Foods and Drinks: Certain dietary choices can aggravate the stomach and intensify heartburn and indigestion. These include spicy, fatty, acidic foods (such as citrus fruits and tomatoes), chocolate, caffeine, and carbonated beverages.

Risk Factors for Heartburn and Indigestion in Pregnancy

• Being Overweight or Obese: Obesity creates additional pressure on the abdomen, further increasing pressure on the stomach and promoting reflux.
• History of Heartburn or Indigestion: Individuals with a history of heartburn or indigestion before pregnancy are more likely to experience it during pregnancy due to underlying susceptibility.
• Hiatal Hernia: This occurs when part of the stomach pushes up through the diaphragm, weakening the LES and making it more susceptible to reflux.

Effective Relief Strategies for Heartburn and Indigestion

Lifestyle Changes

• Smaller, More Frequent Meals: Opt for several smaller meals spaced throughout the day instead of three large ones. This reduces the amount of food in the stomach at once, minimizing pressure and reflux.
• Chewing Thoroughly: Take your time and chew your food thoroughly before swallowing.
• Avoid Eating Close to Bedtime: Allow 2-3 hours between your last meal or snack and bedtime for proper digestion before lying down.
• Elevate Your Upper Body While Sleeping: To keep your upper body elevated, prop yourself up with pillows or wedges while sleeping.
• Wear Loose-Fitting Clothing: Wearing restrictive clothing can exacerbate symptoms by putting undue pressure on the stomach. Choose comfortable, loose-fitting attire that allows for ease of movement and breathing.
• Avoid Lying on Your Right Side: Sleeping on your right side can worsen heartburn symptoms. Try sleeping on your left side or your back instead.

Dietary Changes

• Identify and Avoid Trigger Foods: Consider foods and drinks that trigger your heartburn and indigestion symptoms. Once identified, avoid or limit your intake of these triggers.
• Bland Diet: Opt for a bland diet low in acidic, spicy, fatty, and fried foods as they irritate the stomach lining and exacerbate symptoms.
• Limit Caffeine and Carbonated Beverages: Caffeine and carbonated beverages can relax the LES and worsen heartburn.
• Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of water throughout the day can help dilute stomach acid and reduce heartburn symptoms.

Medications

• Over-the-counter Antacids: Antacids can offer temporary relief from heartburn by neutralizing stomach acid. However, consult your doctor before taking any medications, including antacids, to ensure they are safe during pregnancy.

When to Seek Medical Attention

If you experience severe or persistent heartburn or indigestion that does not respond to lifestyle changes or over-the-counter medications, consult your doctor. They can assess your individual situation and recommend appropriate treatment options, including prescription medications if necessary. These symptoms could indicate a more serious underlying condition, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), requiring further evaluation and management. Additionally, seek medical attention if you experience any of the following symptoms:

• Heartburn that wakes you up at night
• Heartburn that returns frequently throughout the day
• Difficulty swallowing
• Coughing
• Unexplained weight loss
• Black stools

Sterling Hospital is Your Partner in Health Across Gujarat

At Sterling Hospital, we provide you with the utmost care and comfort throughout your journey to a healthier and brighter life. We've got you if you are looking for the best Gynaecologist in Ahmedabad-Gurukul, Ahmedabad-Sindhu Bhavan, Vadodara-Bhayli, Vadodara-Race Course Road, or Rajkot. With considerable years of experience, we have built a team of the best gastrologists and best gynecologists in these regions to provide you with premium treatment and the best results. Contact Sterling Hospital to schedule a consultation and embark on a journey towards a healthier future.

In our fast-paced world, it's easy to miss the quiet messages our bodies are trying to tell us. One such signal, often dismissed as a minor inconvenience, is heartburn. However, persistent or recurring heartburn may be a sign of a more serious underlying condition—gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, or GERD. GERD affects millions worldwide, impacting their quality of life and, if left untreated, leading to more severe health complications.

GERD happens when stomach contents, including acid, travel back up into the esophagus. This backward flow, called acid reflux, causes a burning feeling in the chest and throat. It's caused by a problem with the lower esophageal sphincter, a valve that keeps stomach acid from going the wrong way. Acid can escape and irritate the esophagus when this valve weakens or relaxes too much. Though occasional heartburn is common, frequent episodes can signify GERD.

Symptoms of GERD

The most apparent symptom of GERD is heartburn. Other symptoms of GERD include:

●        Regurgitation of food or sour liquid

●        Difficulty swallowing

●        Nausea

●        Vomiting

●        A hoarse voice

●        Chronic cough

●        Bad breath

Causes and Risk Factors

Knowing the factors that cause GERD can empower you to make lifestyle changes that help prevent or manage it effectively if you already have it. It's important to remember that while these factors increase your risk, not everyone with these conditions will develop GERD.

●     Hiatal Hernia: This condition takes place when a part of your stomach moves up through a hole in your diaphragm, which weakens the muscle (LES) that's supposed to keep stomach acid from coming back up into your esophagus. This weakened valve allows stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus, causing the characteristic symptoms of GERD.

●     Obesity: Carrying excess weight around the abdomen puts added pressure on the stomach. This pressure can push stomach contents back into the esophagus, making acid reflux and GERD more likely to occur.

●     Pregnancy: Pregnancy's hormonal shifts and increased abdominal pressure can loosen the LES, making acid reflux and heartburn more common.

●     Smoking: Smoking weakens the LES and impairs the normal function of the esophagus, increasing the risk of GERD.

●     Dietary Triggers: Certain foods and beverages can relax the LES or irritate the esophageal lining, leading to heartburn and other GERD symptoms. Typical triggers include fatty or fried foods, spicy foods, acidic options like tomatoes and citrus fruits, chocolate, peppermint, garlic, onions, coffee, tea (even decaffeinated varieties), alcoholic beverages, and carbonated drinks.

●     Other Factors: Certain medications, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, and some blood pressure medications, can also contribute to GERD. Conditions like delayed stomach emptying and connective tissue disorders can also increase one's susceptibility to GERD.

Diagnosis and Tests for GERD

Several tests can be used for diagnosis of GERD, including:

●     Upper endoscopy: This procedure uses a thin and flexible tube with a camera gently inserted down your throat to visually inspect the esophagus for any signs of damage or inflammation.

●     Esophageal manometry: This test checks how well the valve at the bottom of your esophagus (the LES) is working by measuring the pressure inside your esophagus.

●     24-hour pH monitoring: This test measures the acidity of the esophagus over 24 hours.

Management and Treatment of GERD

Several lifestyle changes can help manage GERD, including:

●     Losing weight: If you are carrying extra weight, losing some of it can lessen the pressure on your stomach and help ease GERD symptoms.

●     Eating smaller meals: Opting for smaller meals throughout the day can prevent your stomach from getting overly full, which is a common trigger for GERD symptoms.

●     Avoiding certain foods: Avoiding foods that trigger your GERD symptoms can help to manage the condition.

●     Raising the head of your bed: You can stop stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus by raising the head of your bed by 6-8 inches while you're asleep.

●     Quitting smoking: Smoking can weaken the LES and irritate the lining of the esophagus, so quitting smoking can help to improve GERD symptoms.

If lifestyle changes are not enough to control GERD, medications may be necessary.

●     Antacids: Antacids work by counteracting the acid in your stomach, offering fast relief from heartburn.

●     H-2 blockers: H-2 blockers reduce the production of stomach acid.

●     Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): They work by blocking the production of stomach acid.

In severe cases of GERD, surgery may be necessary. The most common type of surgery for GERD is laparoscopic fundoplication. This procedure is performed laparoscopically, which means it is done through small incisions in the abdomen. During the procedure, the surgeon strengthens the valve at the bottom of the esophagus by wrapping the upper part of the stomach around it, creating a tighter seal to prevent stomach acid from refluxing.

Living With GERD

If you have GERD, there are several things you can do to manage the condition and improve your quality of life. These include:

●     Making lifestyle changes: The lifestyle changes listed above can help reduce GERD symptoms and prevent the condition from worsening.

●     Taking medications as prescribed: If you are prescribed medications for GERD, it is essential to take them as your doctor prescribes.

●     Seeing your doctor regularly: It is essential to see your doctor regularly for checkups and to discuss your GERD symptoms.

Conclusion

Although GERD can present obstacles, it doesn't have to dictate your life. Gaining a clear understanding of its causes, recognizing its symptoms, allows you to proactively manage your condition and enhance your overall well-being. By making thoughtful lifestyle changes, embracing healthier eating habits, and seeking medical guidance when needed, you can successfully navigate life with GERD and minimize its impact on your daily routines.

Sterling Hospital is Your Partner in Better Health Across Gujarat

At Sterling Hospital, we provide you with the utmost care and comfort throughout your journey to a healthier life. If you are looking for the best gastro surgeon in Ahmedabad, Vadodara, or Rajkot, we've got you. With considerable years of experience, we have built a team of the best gastro surgeons in these regions to provide you with premium treatment and the best results. Contact Sterling Hospital to schedule a consultation and embark on a journey towards a healthier future.

The heart is essential to our body's blood flow system. It delivers oxygen and nutrients to every part of our body, keeping us alive. But with today's busy lifestyles, we often forget to care for our hearts, which leads to unnecessary health complications. 

The Cardiovascular System

The cardiovascular system, also known as the circulatory system, consists of the following:

●     The Heart: It is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.

●     Blood Vessels: There are various types of blood vessels, each with its own unique function—veins carry deoxygenated blood to the heart, while arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart. Capillaries are tiny vessels responsible for the exchange between blood and tissues. This exchange is of oxygen and nutrients.

●     Blood: A fluid that carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body.

Symptoms of Cardiovascular Problems

Following are some common symptoms of cardiovascular problems:

●     Chest Pain or Discomfort

●     Feeling breathless

●     Dizziness or Lightheadedness

●     Rapid or Irregular Heartbeat

●     Swelling in the Ankles, Feet, or Legs

●     Nausea or Vomiting

Causes of Cardiovascular Disease

Several factors can contribute to the development of cardiovascular problems:

●     Atherosclerosis: The buildup of plaque (cholesterol, fatty substances, and other debris) in the artery walls, narrowing them and reducing blood flow.

●     High Blood Pressure: Occurs when excessive force is exerted against the artery walls, increasing the heart's workload and damaging blood vessels.

●     High Cholesterol: Elevated LDL ("bad" cholesterol levels) contributes to plaque formation.

●     Diabetes: Blood vessels and nerves are damaged by high blood sugar levels.

●     Smoking: Harms blood vessels, increases blood pressure, and lowers oxygen levels.

●     Obesity: Raises your chances of developing high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes.

●     Sedentary Lifestyle: Lack of physical activity weakens the heart and contributes to other risk factors.

●     Family History: Genetic predisposition to certain cardiovascular conditions.

●     Age: As we age, our chances of developing heart problems increase.

●     Stress: Long-term stress can lead to higher blood pressure and make it harder to maintain healthy habits.

Risks and Complications

Untreated cardiovascular diseases can lead to severe complications, including:

●     Heart Attack: It occurs when flow of blood to a part of the heart muscle is completely blocked, damaging or killing that part of the heart.

●     Stroke: A turmoil in blood flow to the brain, caused by either a blockage or rupture of a blood vessel, can result in brain cell damage and affect various bodily functions.

●     Heart Failure: The heart's inability to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.

●     Arrhythmias: It is the irregular rhythms of the heart.

●     Aneurysm: It is a weak area in a blood vessel that bulges outward, creating a risk of rupture and internal bleeding.

●     Peripheral Artery Disease: Leg pain and discomfort caused by decreased blood flow due to narrowed arteries.

Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Problems

Finding heart problems early is key to successful treatment, that is why our expert heart doctors at Sterling Hospital use advanced technology to check your heart health. Some of the tests include:

●     Physical Exam: Check blood pressure, listen to the heart and lungs, and evaluate for signs of swelling.

●     Blood Tests: Measuring cholesterol levels, blood sugar, and other markers of heart health.

●     Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG): Recording the heart's electrical activity to detect abnormalities in rhythm or structure.

●     Echocardiogram: We use sound waves (ultrasound)to create pictures of your heart, showing its size, shape, and how well it's working.

●     Stress Test: Monitoring heart function during exercise to assess its response to exertion.

●     Cardiac Catheterization: We gently thread a thin tube into a blood vessel to get a clear view of your heart's arteries and chambers.

●        Blood Test (Troponin Test): Measuring levels of troponin, a protein released into the blood when the heart muscle is damaged, helping to diagnose heart attacks.

Treatment and Management

Sterling Hospital provides comprehensive treatment and management tailored to your needs by our team of skilled cardiologists, cardiac surgeons, and rehabilitation specialists collaborating to deliver the best possible care. Treatment may include:

●     Lifestyle Changes: Making healthy changes like eating nutritious foods, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, managing stress, and keeping a healthy weight can benefit your heart.

●     Medications: Different medications can be used to manage blood pressure, cholesterol levels, blood sugar, and other things that might increase your risk of heart problems.

●     Surgical Procedures: In some cases, procedures like angioplasty (opening blocked arteries), bypass surgery (creating new pathways for blood flow), or heart valve replacement may be necessary.

●     Cardiac Rehabilitation: A supervised program that helps individuals recover from heart events and improve their cardiovascular health.

●        PAMI: PAMI: Percutaneous Aortic Mitral Intervention, a minimally invasive procedure used to repair or replace damaged heart valves without open-heart surgery.

Prevention is Key

It's in your hands to live a healthy life. Following are some tips for maintaining cardiovascular health:

●     Eat a Heart-Healthy Diet: Choose foods like fruits, greens, whole grains (or least processed food),protein, and healthy fats and try to eat less saturated and trans fats, sodium (salt), and added sugars.

●     Get Regular Exercise: Try to get at least 2.5 hours of moderate exercise or 1 hour and 15 minutes of intense exercise each week.

●     Maintain a Healthy Weight: Achieve and maintain a body mass index (BMI) within the healthy range. 

●     Don't Smoke: If you smoke, quit. Seek support from healthcare professionals or smoking cessation programs.

●     Manage Stress: Try relaxation methods such as meditation, yoga, or taking deep breaths.

●     Get Regular Checkups: Monitor your blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and blood sugar regularly.

●     Know Your Family History: If you have a family history of cardiovascular disease, discuss it with your doctor.

Sterling Hospital is Your Partner in Heart Health Across Gujarat

At Sterling Hospital, we provide you with the utmost care and comfort throughout your journey to a healthier heart. If you are looking for the best  cardiovascular surgeons in Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Rajkot, or  Gandhidham, we've got you. With considerable years of experience, we have built a team of the best cardiologists in these regions to provide you with premium treatment and the best results. Contact Sterling Hospital to schedule a consultation and embark on a journey towards a healthier heart.

Back pain is a prevalent symptom that around 80% of individuals encounter at least once during 

their lifetime. According to the WHO, lower back pain affected approximately 640 million cases 

in 2020, and it is estimated that the number of cases will increase to 840 million by 2050. 

Around 8% of the adult population is suffering from chronic back pain. Degenerative diseases 

(Disc Diseases, Spondylolisthesis), Trauma, Infection, Tumours, and Inflammatory Diseases 

(Arthritis/Ankylosing spondylitis) are the common causes of back pain. Spinal Degenerative 

Disease is the most common of all. Degenerative disease is characterized by the gradual loss of 

structure and function of the spine. The spine gradually stiffens, restricting mobility and 

flexibility. 

​

In today’s era of busy sedentary lifestyles, food habits, smoking, obesity, and the absence of 

exercise in our schedules are risk factors for this disease in most patients. As the disease 

progresses, it causes compression of nerves that leads to Sciatica, Back pain, Limb Pain, 

Numbness, or Weakness and loss or changes of Bladder or Bowel functions infrequently.​

​

Clinically, symptoms of pain are divided into Acute Pain, Subacute pain, or Chronic Pain. ACUTE 

pain has a symptom duration of less than 6 WEEKs. Most are nonspecific, with only 10-20% 

having an anatomical diagnosis, and 80-90% improve within 1 Month. SUBACUTE pain lasts 

more than 6 WEEKS to 3 MONTHS. In 10% of cases, pain persists beyond 6 weeks. CHRONIC 

Back Pain persists for more than 3 months, with only 5% experiencing pain beyond this 

duration. Structural abnormalities are present in up to 50% of cases. 

For the diagnosis of the disease, radiological imaging like MRI, CT Scan, and X-ray will be 

helpful. Treatment includes Medicines, Nerve Root blocks, and Physiotherapy, which one the 

mainstay of therapy in the majority of patients. If medical management fails, then surgery can be 

of help in selected patients. In today's era of Endoscopic Spine Surgery and Minimal invasive 

Spine Surgeries, the outcome of spine surgery has changed in the patient's favor, with 

advantages of small incision, least tissue damage, and less hospital stay. 

Knee replacement surgery, known as knee arthroplasty, involves replacing damaged knee joint sections with artificial parts. It's a standard solution for those with significant knee pain and reduced mobility due to osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or past injuries.

Why Is It Done?

Knee replacement surgery is primarily sought to relieve severe knee pain and disability, often caused by arthritis. Osteoarthritis, a common degenerative condition, mainly affects older individuals, causing cartilage deterioration, bone-on-bone friction, inflammation, and intense pain. Though, increasingly a significant number of people between 45-60 years of age are also living affected by arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (autoimmune disease) can also lead to significant joint damage and discomfort, necessitating surgical intervention. Traumatic injuries like fractures or ligament tears may also require knee replacement to restore function and alleviate pain.

Individuals who require knee replacement surgery typically experience significant challenges with everyday activities like trouble in walking, climbing stairs, getting up from chairs, and sleeping.

Types of Knee Replacement

Following are the types of knee replacement surgery:

●     Total Knee Replacement: This Procedure involves replacing the knee joint inner (medial) and outer (lateral) compartments. It is the most common type of knee replacement surgery and is typically recommended for individuals with extensive damage to the knee joint.

●     Partial Knee Replacement: This minimally invasive Procedure replaces only the specific damaged knee joint area. Arthritis most commonly affects the medial compartment. It is suitable for individuals with damage limited to a particular knee area. Mostly, it is recommended in individuals between 45-60 years of age.

Preparing for Surgery

Thorough preparation is essential before undergoing knee replacement surgery. Your doctors or healthcare guides will help you through the process, ensuring you are well-prepared for the Procedure and recovery.

●     Medical Evaluation: You'll undergo a series of evaluations to assess your suitability for surgery. These will include a comprehensive review of your medical history, a physical examination to evaluate your knee's range of motion and stability, and imaging studies like X-rays and MRIs to visualize the extent of joint damage.

●     Medication and Dietary Adjustments: Your medical team will guide you on specific drugs or supplements you must discontinue before the Procedure. You will also be asked to refrain from eating or drinking anything after midnight on the day of your surgery.

●     Recovery Preparation: Make sure your home is ready for your recovery. Get any equipment you need, like crutches or a walker. Plan how you'll get home from the hospital. And think about how you'll manage things like cooking, showering, and laundry in the first few weeks after surgery. Consider modifying your home, such as creating a living space on one floor, installing safety bars in the bathroom, and securing handrails to facilitate recovery.

What to Expect

Understanding the surgical process and recovery can help alleviate anxiety and ensure a smoother experience.

●     Before the Procedure: On the day of your surgery, you'll change into a hospital gown and be prepped for anesthesia. You'll either receive a spinal block to numb the lower half of your body or general anesthesia to induce a sleep-like state. The surgeon might also administer local anesthesia around your knee for additional pain relief after the Procedure.

●     During the Procedure: Knee replacement surgery typically takes 30-45 minutes . The surgeon makes an incision over the knee, carefully removes the damaged bone and cartilage while preserving healthy bone, and then implants the replacement components into the thigh bone, shinbone, and kneecap. The implants are designed to replicate the natural movement of the knee joint, allowing for smooth and pain-free motion.

●     After the Procedure, you'll be taken to a recovery room for observation after the operation. The length of your hospital stay varies based on your progress and individual needs. Many patients can leave the hospital on the same day or within a few days.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

The recovery after knee replacement surgery is important for achieving optimal outcomes.

●     Early Mobilization: You will be encouraged to start moving and walking with assistance soon after surgery to prevent blood clots and promote healing.

●     Pain Management: Your healthcare team will provide pain medication and other strategies to manage discomfort during recovery.

●     Play Therapy:A physical therapist will help you through a personalized exercise program to strengthen your knee muscles and increase their range of motion.

●     Lifestyle Adjustments: During recovery, you may need to make temporary adjustments, such as avoiding strenuous activities and following any restrictions your healthcare team recommends.

Results and Long-term Outlook

Knee replacement surgery generally boasts a high success rate, improving the quality of life for those struggling with severe knee pain and limited movement. Most patients experience remarkable pain relief, enhanced mobility, and a newfound ability to participate in activities they once enjoyed.

●     Longevity: While the lifespan of a knee replacement varies, most are expected to last 15 to 20 years and sometimes even longer. Factors like age, activity level, and overall health can influence the length of your implant.

●     Post-Recovery Activities: Once you've recovered, you can enjoy low-impact activities like walking, swimming, golfing, or biking. However, it is important to avoid high-impact exercises such as jogging or contact sports, which could put undue strain on your new knee joint.

Conclusion

Knee replacement surgery can dramatically improve the quality of life for individuals suffering from severe knee pain and restricted movement. If you're exploring this option, it's vital to talk with an orthopedic surgeon to discuss your circumstances and decide if this procedure suits you. You can anticipate a more active and comfortable future with proper preparation, successful surgery, and committed rehabilitation. Remember, being well-informed is crucial in making the best decisions for your health.

 Sterling Hospital is Your Partner in Better Health Across Gujarat

Sterling Hospital has proven itself to provide the best orthopedic hospital in Ahmedabad, Vadodara, and Rajkot. We provide you with the utmost care and comfort throughout your journey to healthy bones and joints. If you are looking for the best orthopedic doctor in Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Rajkot and Gandhidham,  we've got you. Safeguard your bone health and contact Sterling Hospital to schedule a consultation and embark on a journey towards a healthier life.

Living with diabetes requires constant vigilance. While managing high blood sugar levels is often the primary focus, another severe concern looms diabetic hypoglycemia or low blood sugar. This condition can strike suddenly and have significant consequences if not addressed promptly.

Understanding Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia happens when the amount of sugar in your blood drops too low. This usually occurs when there's an imbalance between the glucose in your blood and the insulin your body produces or receives through medication. Glucose is the main source of energy for your body, particularly your brain. When levels fall too low, your body's functions can become impaired.

Symptoms of Hypoglycemia

Early signs of hypoglycemia might include:

●     Sweating and Shakiness: Your body's fight-or-flight response kicks in, trying to raise blood sugar levels.

●     Dizziness and Hunger: Your brain needs glucose to function optimally, and a lack of it can lead to these sensations.

●     Irritability and Confusion: Low blood sugar can affect cognitive abilities and emotional states.

If not addressed, more severe symptoms can emerge, including:

●     Blurred Vision and Slurred Speech: Further evidence of your brain struggling to function without adequate glucose.

●     Fast Heartbeat and Paleness: Your body compensates for the lack of energy.

●     Seizures and Coma: In extreme cases, hypoglycemia can lead to these life-threatening complications.

When to See a Doctor

If you experience any of the following symptoms, you should seek medical attention immediately:

●        Seizures

●        Coma

●        Difficulty swallowing

●        Loss of consciousness

Unraveling the Causes

Understanding the triggers of hypoglycemia is essential for prevention. Some common causes include:

●        Insulin or medication overdose

●        Skipping meals or inadequate food intake (risk is more here if you are a diabetic)

●        Alcohol consumption

●        Strenuous exercise

●        Stress and illness

Identifying Your Risk Factors

Specific individuals are more susceptible to hypoglycemia:

●     Type 1 Diabetes: People with type 1 diabetes, who depend on insulin injections, are especially susceptible to experiencing low blood sugar levels.

●     Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes: Those with type 2 diabetes who use insulin also face an increased risk.

●     Multiple Medications: Taking multiple diabetes medications can complicate blood sugar management and increase the risk of hypoglycemia.

●     History of Severe Hypoglycemia: Previous episodes of severe hypoglycemia indicate a higher likelihood of recurrence.

●     Pregnancy: Hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy can affect blood sugar control.

●     Kidney or Liver Disease: These health issues can interfere with how the body manages its blood sugar levels.

The Domino Effect: Complications

Untreated hypoglycemia can lead to a cascade of complications, including:

●     Brain Damage: The brain is susceptible to low blood sugar levels, and prolonged hypoglycemia can cause permanent damage.

●     Accidents and Injuries: Confusion and impaired coordination during a hypoglycemic episode can increase the risk of falls and other accidents.

●     Loss of Independence: Fear of hypoglycemia can lead to anxiety and avoidance of activities, limiting your quality of life.

Prevention Strategies

Fortunately, hypoglycemia is largely preventable with proper management:

●     Regular Blood Sugar Monitoring: Checking your blood sugar levels frequently, especially before meals, exercise, and bedtime, is crucial for detecting early drops.

●     Consistent Meal and Snack Schedule: Eating consistent meals and snacks throughout the day can help maintain stable blood sugar levels.

●     Medication and Food Adjustments: Collaborate with your healthcare team to adjust your medication or food intake based on your activity levels and any other relevant factors that may influence your blood sugar levels.

●     Alcohol Awareness: If you choose to drink alcohol, do so in moderation and with food.

●     Exercise Smartly: Talk to your doctor about exercising safely with diabetes and monitor your blood sugar before, during, and after physical activity.

●     Open Communication: Discuss your concerns about hypoglycemia with your healthcare team. They can provide personalized guidance and support.

Sterling Hospital is Your Partner in Better Health Across Gujarat

At Sterling Hospital, we provide the utmost care and comfort throughout your journey to a healthier life. We've got you if you are looking for the best doctors in Rajkot or  Gandhidham. Our Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology is built with a team of the best doctors from these regions to provide you with premium treatment and the best results. Contact Sterling Hospital to schedule a consultation and embark on a journey towards a healthier future.

Tips for a Healthy Heart The number of medical conditions affecting Indians has increased in recent years, but heart diseases are among the leading ones. The need for cardiac treatment in Gujarat is on the surge. It gave rise to several cardiac hospitals in the state – with Sterling Hospital being the best heart hospital in Ahmedabad

Our attention needs to be focused as India’s unshakeable heart is in jeopardy. Heart disease has overtaken other cardiovascular diseases as the prime cause of death in the nation over the previous two decades, accounting for one-fourth of all fatalities.  

The worst part is that we Indians are impacted at our most productive years. Our lives and routines have undergone a considerable change during the last two decades. This ‘one-touch’ lifestyle appears to be detrimental to our well-being. You might be startled to learn that India is rapidly moving toward being the world’s heart disease epicenter.  

Despite groundbreaking cardiovascular disease research, heart failure patients in India are about ten years younger than patients in other countries.  

These shocking facts are sufficient to make us question if we are paying enough attention to the importance of a healthy heart and reconsider the lifestyle decisions that may be putting us at risk for heart disease. 

Nobody ever enjoyed going to the cardiologist. No matter how skilled the doctor may be, it’s always a little unnerving to consider the condition of something so essential as the heart.  

Whether or not your family has a history of cardiovascular disease, you can take measures to ensure that your heart health is as good as it can be.  

Remember that your daily decisions impact your health, especially your heart. Because your heart performs such a vital role, maintaining it is even more crucial to your general health.  

The big draw is that there are numerous approaches to maintaining your heart healthy. Learn some heart-healthy tips from experts in the following article.  

Keep Your Diet Healthy 

A diet regimen is essential to promote a healthy heart. It emphasizes what you eat over days, weeks, and months than on any particular meal or nutrient. This dietary pattern naturally contains little salt, added sugar, and saturated and trans fats. It contains lots of whole grains, antioxidants, unsaturated fats, and fiber. Eat more fruit and vegetables, swap to whole grains, use spices and herbs, and make the right fat choices to have a healthy cardiac diet. Make a change to your grocery list by adding heart-healthy foods. 

Exercise Regularly  

Fortifying your heart is one of the healthiest things you can do. And, as you know, exercise is the most productive way to reinforce your heart. Cardiovascular disease is more than twice as likely to strike people who do not exercise regularly.  

Experts recommend exercising for at least 30 minutes every day of the week.  

Exercise and Yoga combine endurance, stability, and movement. Walking is also a fantastic workout for maintaining bone mass, reducing blood sugar, increasing stamina and strength, and losing weight.  

Yoga poses for a healthy heart that supports heart health, improves blood flow, increases lung capacity, and lowers blood pressure.  

Sit less & Move more!!! 

Learn Stress Management  

Managing stress is integral to having a healthy heart.  

However, if you follow the right diet and exercise but ignore stress management, all your hard work will be for naught. 

All of us lead busy lives – therefore stress is unavoidable. While we can’t completely prevent it, we can try healthily coping with stress. Meditation, Yoga, walking, listening to music, and spending quality time with friends are just a few ways to manage stress.  

Discover which stress-relieving methods work best for you. When it comes to stress management, a little goes a long way. 

Consult a Cardiologist Regularly 

If you are 45 years or older, you should consult the best cardiologist in Gujarat for a heart health check. During a heart health check, your doctor will assess your blood pressure, cholesterol, diet, family and medical history, amount of physical activity, and blood pressure as risk factors for heart disease. 

Your physician will then let you know if your risk of having a heart attack or stroke during the next five years is low, moderate, or high. Working with your doctor to address your risk factors to enhance your heart health is the most crucial aspect of this checkup.  

If any signs and symptoms need to be diagnosed and cured – you can opt for cardiac treatment at Sterling Hospital. 

Have a Sound Sleep  

It may come as a surprise to you that getting enough sleep is necessary for heart health. It is so that the body can experience periods of reduced blood pressure and heart rate during deep sleep. Sleep helps the body recuperate by allowing it to self-repair and restore its energy reserves.  

No matter what age group you are in, you must get adequate sleep to maintain heart health because not getting enough sleep can raise your risk of cardiovascular disease. According to research, less sleep can interfere with biological processes and underlying medical issues like high blood pressure and inflammation.  

Give your sleep top priority. Your daily sleep goal should be seven to eight hours. Furthermore, if you have sleep apnea, you should seek treatment since the condition has been linked to heart disease or arrhythmias.  
As you can see, getting enough sleep is a necessity for maintaining your heart health every night, not a luxury to enjoy on your days off. 

Take Proper Medication  

Follow your doctor’s instructions closely if you take medication for diabetes, high blood pressure, or high cholesterol. In case you don’t understand something, always ask questions. Consult your physician before discontinuing the medication. 

If a heart health check reveals that a person is at moderate or high risk of having a heart attack or stroke, they may need to take heart medications to control their blood pressure and cholesterol.  

Your doctor may suggest additional medications based on your heart condition and general health. To maintain a healthy heart, consider an online cardiologist consultation. 

Alcohol and Heart  

Drinking alcohol increases your risk of acquiring heart disease. Drinking alcohol may momentarily increase heart rate and blood pressure. 

Excessive and consistent alcohol consumption has grave effects on the heart like abnormal heart rhythms, high blood pressure, and damaged heart muscles. It might also make arrhythmias more likely.  

Those who are susceptible to inherited heart rhythm problems should avoid it. If you stop drinking or significantly reduce your consumption, your blood pressure will drop within a few days.  

However, you do not have to completely abstain from alcohol; rather, restrict your consumption to the daily maximum of two to three units for women and three to four for men.  
Therefore, drink in moderation to maintain a healthy heart. 

Conclusion:  

Take note of these heart-healthy bits of advice to maintain your ticker in good shape for the long run.  
Remember that you are in charge of maintaining your health and physical well-being.  

Keep your heart healthy by making healthy choices and living an active lifestyle. Heart disease can be avoided with the right plan in place. It is why it is critical to start early in life.  

Living a heart-healthy lifestyle is the most effective approach.  

You can begin by assessing your risk factors at Sterling Hospital the Best Multispecialty Hospital in Gujarat, and creating a list of positive habits that will assist you in making the best health decisions.  

It’s time for us to take responsibility for our heart health and move toward living better lives. 

Healthy habits result in a healthier you!!! 

Contrary to popular belief, diabetes isn’t actually caused by eating too much sugar; rather, it has everything to do with how your body processes the sugar you eat and how you control the amount of sugar in your blood. It is sometimes known as sugar. A series of metabolic illnesses known as diabetes mellitus, or simply diabetes, are characterized by unusually high blood glucose levels. More information on this relevant disease is as below. 
 
What is Diabetes?  
First, let us delve into to know exactly – What is Diabetes? An insulin-dependent metabolic disease, diabetes interferes with the body’s ability to create and utilize insulin. Insulin is released by your body when it converts the food you eat into energy, also known as sugar or glucose, to help deliver this energy to your cells. Insulin performs a critical role. Its chemical message instructs the cell to open and accept glucose. You will have too much sugar in your blood if you produce little or no insulin or are insulin resistant. Diabetes patients typically have higher-than-normal levels of blood glucose. The word Diabetes should not scare you – read further to know the causes of diabetes and symptoms of diabetes and be rest assured to avail of the Best Treatment for Diabetes in Gujarat at Sterling Hospital Ahmedabad. 
 
Types of Diabetes  
There are different types of diabetes and causes – yet they are all characterized by excessive blood glucose levels.  Diabetes covers a wide range of illnesses, which are typically classified by type. Each type differs from the others in terms of its underlying causes, types of treatment, and potential side effects. Treatments may involve the use of insulin or medications. Some types of diabetes may be prevented by leading a healthy lifestyle. 
 
Type 1 Diabetes  
Symptoms of Type 1 Diabetes 
When you have type 1Diabetes, your pancreas either does not create insulin or creates very less insulin. Insulin makes it easier for blood sugar to enter your body’s cells where it may be used as fuel. In the absence of insulin, as blood sugar cannot enter cells, it builds up in the bloodstream. High blood sugar is fatal and contributes to many complications and symptoms associated with diabetes.  Insulin-dependent diabetes or juvenile diabetes was the prior name for type 1 diabetes. Children, adolescents, and young adults are most likely to be affected, but it can happen to any age group. About ten percent of patients with diabetes have type 1, which is less frequent than type 2. Symptoms of Type 1 diabetes may not appear for weeks or even years. They can develop in a matter of weeks or months. When symptoms surface, they can be fatal. Several symptoms of type 1 diabetes resemble those of other medical conditions. Symptoms include vision issues, insatiable appetite, frequent urination, unexpected weight loss, increased thirst, exhaustion, etc.  Diabetes symptoms in teens include fruity-smell breath, exhaustion, weight loss, thirst, etc.   
 
Causes of Type 1 Diabetes  
What causes Type 1 Diabetes? 
Well, Type 1 diabetes is assumed to be driven by an immune reaction. This process kills the pancreatic cells that produce insulin. In some cases, it could take weeks, months, or even years before symptoms appear. Type 1 diabetes is more prone to occur in some persons due to specific genes. Even if they have the genes, many people will not acquire type 1 diabetes. A virus or other environmental trigger may also be one of the causes of type 1 diabetes. Diet and lifestyle habits do not contribute to type 1 Diabetes. 
Treatment for Type 1 Diabetes Treating Type 1 Diabetes entails counting fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, monitoring blood sugar, eating healthy foods, exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy weight, and taking insulin for the rest of their lives. Control blood sugar levels as close to normal as you can help you delay or avoid problems. It is crucial and should follow dedicatedly – consult the best Diabetologist in Gujarat at Sterling Hospitals to keep a check on your blood glucose levels.   

Type 2 Diabetes  
Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes  
Type 2 diabetes develops when your body fails to create sufficient insulin or when your cells fail to respond normally to insulin. Among diabetes types, it is the most common. Up to 95% of people having symptoms and signs of diabetes mellitus have Type 2.  Typically, middle-aged and older people experience it. Two additional names for Type 2 diabetes are adult-onset and insulin-resistant. Since symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes symptoms appear gradually over several years, you could not experience any at all or fail to recognize them. A few signs and symptoms include slow-healing sores, frequent infections, weight loss, darkened skin, blurred vision, tingling or numbness in the feet or hands, etc.  Symptoms typically appear in adults, but Type 2 diabetes is becoming more common in people of all ages. Causes of Type 2 Diabetes Moving further, let us understand what causes type 2 Diabetes? Your pancreas secretes the hormone insulin, which functions as a key to unlock the doors of your body cells and allow blood sugar to enter and use as fuel. Cells become insulin resistant when they do not react appropriately to insulin in people with type 2 diabetes. As a consequence, the pancreas manufactures more insulin to stimulate cell response. 
Type 2 diabetes develops as a result of the pancreas’ inability to keep up with the rise in blood sugar levels. High blood sugar harms the body and increases the risk of renal disease, heart disease, and other major health issues. Causes of Type 2 Diabetes also include the combined effects of inherited and lifestyle factors. Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes  
 

Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes includes prescription drugs, insulin, and dietary adjustments. You can avoid or delay diabetes-related problems by maintaining blood sugar levels close to the target. Stress is a normal part of life, but it can make managing diabetes more challenging, making it harder to maintain your blood sugar levels and take care of your daily demands. Exercise, enough rest, and relaxation techniques can all be beneficial.  Discuss these and other stress management techniques with the best Diabetologist in India at Sterling Hospitals. Considering your current health parameters – they may prescribe the best medicine for Type 2 Diabetes.  
 
Gestational Diabetes  
Symptoms of Gestational Diabetes 
Those females who never had diabetes – can still develop diabetes during pregnancy; this condition is Gestational Diabetes. Maintaining control of gestational diabetes will help you have a healthy pregnancy and delivery. Symptoms of Gestational Diabetes are usually undetectable. Nearly 10% of pregnant women discover they have gestational diabetes in the middle of their pregnancies. Most of them are shocked by the news because they continue to feel healthy and normal. A few signs of gestational diabetes are being tired, feeling thirsty, having a dry mouth, etc. You might not ever experience gestational diabetic symptoms. Most expectant mothers do not. As a result, this condition is frequently detected during a routine blood sugar test or oral glucose tolerance test, which is typically performed between the 24th and 28th weeks of pregnancy. 
 
Causes of Gestational Diabetes 
It is tricky to understand what causes Gestational Diabetes, as there are no specific signs and symptoms.  During pregnancy, gestational diabetes develops when your body is unable to manufacture enough insulin. During pregnancy, your body experiences additional hormonal changes as well as physical changes including weight gain. Insulin resistance is the outcome of these changes, which make your cells less effective in using insulin. Insulin resistance raises your body’s requirement for insulin. If you have any medical history or risks of gestational diabetes, your doctor may suspect that you have gestational diabetes, but the only way to confirm it is to undergo some tests. 
 
Treatment for Gestational Diabetes 
If your glucose level is not excessive and you have this type, changing your diet and engaging in regular exercise may be your first line of treatment for gestational diabetes. Check your blood sugar levels to ensure they remain within a healthy range, eat nutritious meals at the right time and in the appropriate proportions, and be active. If a healthy diet and regular exercise are not enough to regulate your blood sugar, your doctor may advise insulin or other gestational diabetes medication. Pregnancy is a condition that requires special attention; ensure your gestational diabetes management at Sterling Hospital Ahmedabad. 
 
In the End  
Except for Type 1 diabetes, there are several things you may take to avoid the onset of diabetes. However, see your healthcare professional at Sterling Hospitals, the best multispecialty hospital in Gujarat, if you, your kid, or an adolescent start to exhibit symptoms of diabetes. Early detection of diabetes can lead to more successful treatment and management. Your chances of living a healthy life increase with how well you can control your blood sugar level.